Guide des thérapies pour les handicaps au Canada
L’une des premières questions après un diagnostic : « Quelle thérapie est nécessaire et où est-elle disponible ? » Ce guide couvre les types de thérapies, les données probantes, les coûts et le financement provincial à travers le Canada.
Comment utiliser ce guide
Commencez par un diagnostic
Trouvez un plan de thérapie adapté à un diagnostic spécifique ci-dessous
Explorez les types de thérapies
Découvrez en quoi consiste chaque thérapie, ses coûts et les données probantes
Vérifiez le financement provincial
Voyez ce que chaque province couvre et comment réduire les coûts
Thérapies par diagnostic
Sélectionnez un diagnostic pour voir un plan de thérapie avec les priorités, les étapes de vie et les estimations de coûts.
Autism Spectrum Disorder
10 recommended therapies
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
8 recommended therapies
Learning Disabilities
7 recommended therapies
Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder
9 recommended therapies
Down Syndrome
10 recommended therapies
Intellectual Disability
9 recommended therapies
Cerebral Palsy
11 recommended therapies
Spinal Cord Injury
9 recommended therapies
Spina Bifida
9 recommended therapies
Vision Loss
8 recommended therapies
Hearing Loss
8 recommended therapies
Multiple Sclerosis
8 recommended therapies
Epilepsy
7 recommended therapies
Muscular Dystrophy
9 recommended therapies
Brain Injury
10 recommended therapies
ALS (Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis)
8 recommended therapies
Mental Health Conditions
9 recommended therapies
Rare Conditions
8 recommended therapies
Tous les types de thérapies
Orthophonie et langage
Speech-Language Therapy (SLP)
Works on communication skills including speech sounds, language comprehension, expression, fluency, voice, and social communication.
Augmentative & Alternative Communication (AAC)
Provides alternative ways to communicate for people who are non-speaking or have limited verbal ability, using devices, apps, picture systems, or sign language.
Feeding & Swallowing Therapy
Addresses difficulties with eating, drinking, and swallowing, including food refusal, texture sensitivities, oral motor challenges, and aspiration risk.
Ergothérapie
Occupational Therapy (OT)
Helps develop independence in daily activities including self-care, play, school tasks, and sensory processing through skill-building and environmental adaptations.
Fine Motor & Handwriting Therapy
Develops hand strength, coordination, and dexterity for writing, cutting, buttoning, and other precise hand movements required for school and daily life.
Activities of Daily Living (ADL) Training
Teaches practical life skills including dressing, grooming, toileting, cooking, cleaning, and community navigation for greater independence.
Physique et motricité
Physiotherapy (Physical Therapy)
Improves movement, strength, balance, and physical function through exercises, manual therapy, and mobility training.
Hydrotherapy (Aquatic Therapy)
Uses the properties of water — buoyancy, resistance, and warmth — to improve movement, strength, and function in a therapeutic pool setting.
Hippotherapy (Therapeutic Horseback Riding)
Uses the movement of a horse to improve posture, balance, coordination, strength, and sensory processing in a therapeutic setting.
Constraint-Induced Movement Therapy (CIMT)
Improves use of an affected arm/hand by constraining the stronger arm, forcing intensive practice with the weaker limb over a concentrated period.
Comportemental et développemental
Applied Behaviour Analysis (ABA)
Uses principles of learning and behaviour to build skills, reduce challenging behaviours, and improve quality of life through structured, evidence-based teaching strategies.
Early Intervention (EI)
Comprehensive developmental support for infants and toddlers (0-5) with developmental delays or disabilities, combining multiple therapy approaches in natural settings.
Pivotal Response Treatment (PRT)
A naturalistic, play-based behavioural approach that targets pivotal areas of development — motivation, self-management, response to multiple cues, and self-initiations.
DIR/Floortime (Developmental, Individual Difference, Relationship-Based)
A relationship-based developmental approach that follows the child's lead through play to build emotional connections, communication, and thinking skills.
Social Skills Training
Teaches social interaction skills including conversation, friendship-building, reading social cues, perspective-taking, and navigating social situations.
Psychologique et santé mentale
Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT)
Helps identify and change unhelpful thought patterns and behaviours that contribute to anxiety, depression, and emotional difficulties.
Play Therapy
Uses play as the primary means of communication and expression, helping children process emotions, develop coping skills, and work through difficult experiences.
Family Therapy & Counselling
Supports the whole family in coping with the impact of disability, improving communication, reducing stress, and strengthening family relationships.
Trauma Therapy (EMDR, CPP, TF-CBT)
Specialized therapeutic approaches for processing traumatic experiences including medical trauma, abuse, and adverse experiences common in disability populations.
Dialectical Behaviour Therapy (DBT)
Teaches skills for managing intense emotions, improving relationships, tolerating distress, and building a life worth living through mindfulness and practical strategies.
Scolaire et éducatif
Special Education & IEP Support
Provides individualized educational programming, accommodations, and modifications within the school system to support learning for students with disabilities.
Assistive Technology (AT)
Provides tools and devices that help people with disabilities perform tasks they would otherwise have difficulty with, from low-tech aids to high-tech systems.
Vision Therapy
Treats functional vision problems including eye tracking, focusing, eye teaming, and visual processing that can affect reading, learning, and daily activities.
Auditory Training & Processing Therapy
Improves how the brain processes auditory information, addressing difficulties with listening in noise, following directions, and distinguishing speech sounds.
Specialized Tutoring & Academic Support
Provides individualized academic instruction using evidence-based approaches tailored to specific learning needs and disabilities.
Social et récréatif
Social & Recreational Programs
Provides structured opportunities for social participation, recreation, physical activity, and community inclusion for people with disabilities.
Supported Employment & Vocational Training
Helps people with disabilities find and maintain competitive employment through job coaching, workplace adaptations, skill development, and ongoing support.
Life Skills & Independent Living Training
Teaches practical skills for independent or supported living including money management, cooking, transportation, personal safety, and community navigation.
Peer Mentoring & Support
Connects people with disabilities to mentors who share similar experiences, providing guidance, emotional support, role modelling, and practical advice.
Sensoriel et intégration
Sensory Integration Therapy
Helps the brain process and respond to sensory information more effectively, addressing over- or under-sensitivity to touch, sound, movement, and other sensory input.
Vision Rehabilitation & Low Vision Services
Teaches people with vision loss to use remaining vision effectively and develop skills for independence using adaptive techniques and technology.
Orientation & Mobility Training (O&M)
Teaches people with vision loss to travel safely and independently using white canes, guide dogs, environmental awareness, and wayfinding strategies.
Complémentaire et de soutien
Music Therapy
Uses music-based interventions — singing, playing instruments, rhythm, and songwriting — to address communication, motor, cognitive, emotional, and social goals.
Art Therapy
Uses creative expression — drawing, painting, sculpture, and other art forms — as a therapeutic medium for processing emotions, building skills, and improving wellbeing.
Animal-Assisted Therapy (AAT)
Incorporates trained therapy animals into treatment sessions to improve emotional, social, cognitive, and physical functioning.
Adaptive Yoga & Mindfulness
Modified yoga practices and mindfulness techniques adapted for people with disabilities to improve flexibility, strength, body awareness, emotional regulation, and mental wellbeing.
Comprendre les coûts des thérapies au Canada
Les coûts des thérapies varient considérablement au Canada — de gratuit dans le système public à plus de 200 $ par séance privée. La plupart des familles combinent le financement provincial, l’assurance privée et les paiements de leur poche.
Conseil clé : Faites votre demande de crédit d’impôt pour personnes handicapées (CIPH) dès que possible. Il donne accès à la Prestation pour enfants handicapés (3 411 $/an) et vous permet de réclamer toutes les dépenses de thérapie au titre du crédit d’impôt pour frais médicaux.
Chaque page de thérapie comprend un tableau détaillé des coûts et une répartition du financement provincial. Consultez les plans de thérapie par diagnostic pour les estimations annuelles complètes des coûts.
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